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“AI and sustainability - cure or curse?”
While AI can help resolve data issues in sustainable investing, it can create problems such as information breaches and inherent bias in data.
Global | Publication | May 11, 2016
On March 30, 2016, the Italian Tax Authorities issued Circular Letter no. 6 (“Letter 6”), which clarifies issues related to the structure of certain acquisitions, in particular those involving investments by private equity funds. The clarifications are based on para. 1.64 sbq. of OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations 2010.
Letter 6 also indicates the criteria by which the Italian Tax Authorities might assess shareholders’ loans as equity contributions, thereby challenging the deduction of passive interests. According to the Italian Tax Authorities, a shareholders’ loan might be qualified as an equity contribution in the following instances:
In any event, the re-characterization of a shareholders’ loan as an equity contribution will be determined on a case by case basis, following evaluation of the factual background of the case under investigation. The Authorities will scrutinize, in particular, whether the circumstance materially differs from a transaction involving third parties. In that case, the Authorities point out that the relevant assessment will also affect the notional interest deduction mechanism and the applicability of withholding taxes on dividends (instead of on interests).
Letter 6 refers not only to investment structures which will be set up in the future, but also those already existing. Penalties for non-compliance, however, will only be applied to transactions effectuated after March 30, 2016.
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While AI can help resolve data issues in sustainable investing, it can create problems such as information breaches and inherent bias in data.
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It is widely accepted that 2023 was one of the worst years in recent memory for M&A activity.
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The ongoing conflicts and further geopolitical tensions in Eastern Europe and the Middle East, coupled with upcoming elections in a number of key countries including the US and the UK, make 2024 challenging to predict what impact this will have on the insurance sector.
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